Maps of Sotho, Northern
Bantu: Distribution of Bantu Languages (Meinhof and Warmelo)
Distribution of Bantu Languages
Map Creators:
Carl Meinhof and N.J. van Warmelo
Source: Meinhof, Carl and N.J van Warmelo. 1932. Introduction to the Phonology of Bantu Languages. Berlin: The International Institute of African Languages and Cultures.
Date Created: 1932
Map Description:
This map illustrates the distribution of Bantu languages in Central and South Africa in the 1930s. According to the authors, the following languages are not Bantu languages: Kongo, Bushman, Nama, Korana, Pedi, Galla, Swahili (Mombasa), Mbugu, Swahili (lingua franca of East Africa) and Swahili (Zanzibar). However, the statement that Kongo, Pedi and Swahili are not Bantu languages go against current scholarly consensus.
Source: Meinhof, Carl and N.J van Warmelo. 1932. Introduction to the Phonology of Bantu Languages. Berlin: The International Institute of African Languages and Cultures.
Date Created: 1932
Map Description:
This map illustrates the distribution of Bantu languages in Central and South Africa in the 1930s. According to the authors, the following languages are not Bantu languages: Kongo, Bushman, Nama, Korana, Pedi, Galla, Swahili (Mombasa), Mbugu, Swahili (lingua franca of East Africa) and Swahili (Zanzibar). However, the statement that Kongo, Pedi and Swahili are not Bantu languages go against current scholarly consensus.
Note: Scanned or downloaded images have been geo-registered for compatibility with our project interface. Slight imperfections are an inevitable result of the registration process. View original image(s) to see the unaltered map(s).
Difaqane - Routes of Diffusion of Sotho/Tswana Peoples (Nurse, Weiner and Jenkins)
Difaqane - Diffusion of Sotho/Tswana peoples in response to military incursion
Map Creators:
G. T. Nurse, J. S. Weiner, Trefor Jenkins
Source: The Peoples of Southern Africa and Their Affinities. 1985. Clarendon Press. p. 74.
Date Created: 1985
Map Description:
This map displays the main routes of dispersal of Sotho/Tswana peoples during the Difaqane (1815-1840). This name is the word in Lesotho which refers to the same event as the Mfecane. During this period, the Zulu/Mtetwa state system rose in power and began military expansion. Consolidation was common for most groups, although some fled (see the Kololo migration route) and others chose to reciprocate military action, resulting in the circular path of the Taung of Mentatisi (Nurse, Weiner and Jenkins, 1985).
Other resources related to this project:
Mfecane - Routes of Diffusion of Nguni Peoples (Nurse, Weiner and Jenkins)
San Populations Then and Now (Nurse, Weiner and Jenkins)
The Khoi as Migrants and Nomads (Nurse, Weiner and Jenkins)
Source: The Peoples of Southern Africa and Their Affinities. 1985. Clarendon Press. p. 74.
Date Created: 1985
Map Description:
This map displays the main routes of dispersal of Sotho/Tswana peoples during the Difaqane (1815-1840). This name is the word in Lesotho which refers to the same event as the Mfecane. During this period, the Zulu/Mtetwa state system rose in power and began military expansion. Consolidation was common for most groups, although some fled (see the Kololo migration route) and others chose to reciprocate military action, resulting in the circular path of the Taung of Mentatisi (Nurse, Weiner and Jenkins, 1985).
Other resources related to this project:
Mfecane - Routes of Diffusion of Nguni Peoples (Nurse, Weiner and Jenkins)
San Populations Then and Now (Nurse, Weiner and Jenkins)
The Khoi as Migrants and Nomads (Nurse, Weiner and Jenkins)
Note: Scanned or downloaded images have been geo-registered for compatibility with our project interface. Slight imperfections are an inevitable result of the registration process. View original image(s) to see the unaltered map(s).
Linguistic Differentiation among Bantu Groups in Southern Africa (Newman)
Linguistic differentiation among Bantu groups in southern Africa ca. 1500
Map Creator:
James L. Newman
Source: 1995. The Peopling of Africa. New Haven: Yale University Press. 188.
Date Created: 1995
Map Description:
On this map, large language groups in southern Africa circa 1500 are shown, along with the names of some of the different groups that comprised them. Archaeological evidence from the cities located on the map indicate that throughout this period, trade and conquest had resulted in most groups becoming acquainted with Europeans (especially the Portuguese) and these foreign contacts greatly influenced the fate of most of these language group-states; for example, European trade with the Khoikhoi resulted in the decline of the Herero state, and colonial tactics of turning groups against one another saw to the fall of several other important powers (Newman 1995: 186-188).
Source: 1995. The Peopling of Africa. New Haven: Yale University Press. 188.
Date Created: 1995
Map Description:
On this map, large language groups in southern Africa circa 1500 are shown, along with the names of some of the different groups that comprised them. Archaeological evidence from the cities located on the map indicate that throughout this period, trade and conquest had resulted in most groups becoming acquainted with Europeans (especially the Portuguese) and these foreign contacts greatly influenced the fate of most of these language group-states; for example, European trade with the Khoikhoi resulted in the decline of the Herero state, and colonial tactics of turning groups against one another saw to the fall of several other important powers (Newman 1995: 186-188).
Note: Scanned or downloaded images have been geo-registered for compatibility with our project interface. Slight imperfections are an inevitable result of the registration process. View original image(s) to see the unaltered map(s).
Mfecane - Routes of Diffusion of Nguni Peoples (Nurse, Weiner and Jenkins)
Mfecane - Diffusion of Nguni peoples in response to military incursion
Map Creators:
G. T. Nurse, J. S. Weiner, Trefor Jenkins
Source: The Peoples of Southern Africa and Their Affinities. 1985. Clarendon Press. p. 73.
Date Created: 1985
Map Description:
This map displays the main routes of dispersal of Nguni peoples during the Mfecane (1815-1840). This Zulu name of the period can be loosely translated as "the crushing" or "the scattering", and is an apt description for what the Nguni peoples did. It came to pass primarily due to the military pressure from the rising Zulu/Mtetwa militarist state system, the consolidation of the Swati and the defeat of the Ndwandwe military power. (Note: although lines may intersect, the groups may not have actually met. The exception to this is the Maseko Ngoni, who fought with Shoshangane's people, the Jele Ngoni, the Rowzi and the Kololo/Lozi.) (Nurse, Weiner and Jenkins, 1985).
Other resources related to this project:
Difaqane - Routes of Diffusion of Sotho/Tswana Peoples (Nurse, Weiner and Jenkins)
San Populations Then and Now (Nurse, Weiner and Jenkins)
The Khoi as Migrants and Nomads (Nurse, Weiner and Jenkins)
Source: The Peoples of Southern Africa and Their Affinities. 1985. Clarendon Press. p. 73.
Date Created: 1985
Map Description:
This map displays the main routes of dispersal of Nguni peoples during the Mfecane (1815-1840). This Zulu name of the period can be loosely translated as "the crushing" or "the scattering", and is an apt description for what the Nguni peoples did. It came to pass primarily due to the military pressure from the rising Zulu/Mtetwa militarist state system, the consolidation of the Swati and the defeat of the Ndwandwe military power. (Note: although lines may intersect, the groups may not have actually met. The exception to this is the Maseko Ngoni, who fought with Shoshangane's people, the Jele Ngoni, the Rowzi and the Kololo/Lozi.) (Nurse, Weiner and Jenkins, 1985).
Other resources related to this project:
Difaqane - Routes of Diffusion of Sotho/Tswana Peoples (Nurse, Weiner and Jenkins)
San Populations Then and Now (Nurse, Weiner and Jenkins)
The Khoi as Migrants and Nomads (Nurse, Weiner and Jenkins)
Note: Scanned or downloaded images have been geo-registered for compatibility with our project interface. Slight imperfections are an inevitable result of the registration process. View original image(s) to see the unaltered map(s).